[Sca-cooks] 10th-13th century Turkish was Sixteenth Century Turkish

[lilinah at earthlink.net]

Stefan wrote:
>Urtatim said:
>>The European part was controlled by the Eastern Roman Empire, known
>>beginning in the 19th century as Byzantium, throughout the time
>>period you ask about.
>
>Huh? *19th century as Byzantium*? I think that's a pretty late date. 
>What is this really supposed to be? 9th Century seems a little late 
>as well.

What we now call Byzantium was called something else in its day. 
Those who lived in there called it the Eastern Roman Empire, until 29 
May, 1453, when the Ottomans finally breached the walls of its 
primary city and brought it to its final end.

Its inhabitants, who primarily spoke Greek, called themselves Romans, 
as apparently their neighbors did, as well. For example, as i have 
mentioned, the Arabs, Persians, and certain Turkic peoples, called it 
Rum (i.e., Rome).

Western Europeans, however, were clearly not too fond of them 
(witness several of the Crusades, started by the Church of Rome, that 
ended up trashing Constantinople), and called them Orientals or 
Greeks.

Hieronymus Wolf, a 16th c. German historian, made a collection of 
sources focused primarily on this so-
called Greek history, publishing it under the title of "Corpus 
Historiae Byzantinae" in 1557.

Then, in the late 17th c., a French historian, Charles du Fresne, 
sieur du Cange, decided to call the entire Eastern Roman Empire 
"Byzantium", after the ancient Greek city of Byzantion, founded in 
667 BCE, upon which Constantinople, the capitol of the Eastern Roman 
Empire, was built. Edward Gibbon, who wrote the six volume "The 
History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire", in the late 
18th c., relied heavily upon Du Cange.

Then in the 19th c. that European Romanticism exalted this medieval 
culture, which had long been dismissed as "a thousand year history of 
decline". And it was beginning in the 19th c. that the term Byzantium 
began to be commonly used to refer to the Eastern Roman Empire.
-- 
Urtatim [that's err-tah-TEEM]
the persona formerly known as Anahita