[Steppes] Convivencia

[Catalina Elvira Osorio Lopez de Xerez]

Toledo later served as the capital city of Visigothic Spain, beginning with 
Liuvigild (Leovigild), and was the capital until the Moors conquered Iberia 
in the 8th century. Under the Caliphate of Cordoba, Toledo enjoyed a golden 
age. This extensive period is known as La Convivencia, i.e. the Co-existence 
of Jews, Christians, and Muslims. Under Arab rule, Toledo was called 
Tulaytulah (Arabic ØáíØáÉ)





On May 25, 1085 Alfonso VI of Castile took Toledo and established direct 
personal control over the Moorish city from which he had been exacting 
tribute. This was the first concrete step taken by the combined kingdom of 
Leon-Castile in the Reconquista by Christian forces.



Toledo was famed for its production of steel and especially of swords and 
the city is still a center for the manufacture of knives and other steel 
implements. When Philip II moved the royal court from Toledo to Madrid in 
1561, the old city went into a slow decline from which it never recovered.





Catalina
Sanguinem dumtaxat causam virtutis pendate